True or false, transient tachypnea is the most common cause of respiratory distress in late preterm and term infants?

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Partially true
• D. None of the above

Answer: (A)

Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is indeed the most common cause of respiratory distress in late preterm and term infants. This condition typically arises when there is a delay in the clearance of fetal lung fluid after birth, leading to rapid, shallow breathing. Infants with TTN often present within the first few hours of life and may exhibit mild respiratory distress, characterized by tachypnea, retractions, and sometimes nasal flaring.

The condition is generally self-limiting, often resolving within 72 hours, as the fluid is gradually absorbed. Recognizing TTN is important because it usually requires supportive care rather than intensive intervention, allowing healthcare providers to distinguish it from other causes of respiratory distress that may necessitate more aggressive treatment or monitoring.

Other respiratory conditions, such as pneumonia or respiratory distress syndrome, can also occur in this population but are not as prevalent as TTN. Thus, accurately identifying TTN is vital for proper management and reassurance for families.